D4.1 Country Report | January 2022
D.Rad Research Teams
In its introduction, the report reviewed the main features of Iraq, especially its geographical nature, its diverse demographics and its modern political system, which played a role in extremist violence. It also dealt with the historical, economic, political and cultural background of radicalization in Iraq. It reviewed the most important historical events that bear manifestations of extremist violence. Then the report dealt with the constitutional organization of the state and the most important constitutional principles and clarified their positives and negatives impact on violent extremism.
The report also examined the legislative framework of Iraq after 2003, starting with the decisions of the civil governor of Iraq (Paul Bremer) in 2003-2004 and passing through the Constitution of the Republic of Iraq for the year 2005 and then the legislation of the Anti-Terrorism Law No. 13 of 2005.
The institutional framework at the federal level and the Kurdistan Region of Iraq, and attempts within this framework to combat terrorism were also discussed. The report did not neglect to address two case studies related to the national security strategy to combat terrorism. The report was reinforced with interviews expressing the views of a number of experts in the field of law, security and issues related to de- radicalization and terrorism.
The report prepared a bibliographical summary that includes tables containing an overview of the legal framework for extremism and its removal, the institutions that deal with this issue, a number of courts decisions and other issues related to extremism regarding some rights and the best practices followed for de- radicalization on the national, regional and local levels.
The report ends with a conclusion that includes some recommendations confirming that eliminating extremism requires action at the three levels (micro, meso, and macro), according to systematic strategies and plans.